WONDERBOOM national airport

Weather radar is a remote sensing instrument using microwave energy between X-band (3 cm wavelength) and S-band (10 cm wavelength). A short pulse of high power microwave energy is produced by a magnetron in the transmitter system and this energy is focused by an antenna system into a narrow beam. This pulse of energy travels through the atmosphere at the speed of light (3 x 10 ⁸ ms^-1). When a target such as a raindrop is encountered, some of the energy is scattered of which a minute fraction is in the direction back to the antenna system were a sensitive receiver system is used to process and amplify this received power into useful data. From the azimuth and elevation information on the pointing direction of the antenna, the time between transmitting and receiving and the power of the received signal, the target location can be determined as well as its intensity or reflectivity.

Data location:

Data courtesy of South Africa Weather Service.